波多野结衣办公室双飞_制服 丝袜 综合 日韩 欧美_网站永久看片免费_欧美一级片在线免费观看_免费视频91蜜桃_精产国品一区二区三区_97超碰免费在线观看_欧美做受喷浆在线观看_国产熟妇搡bbbb搡bbbb_麻豆精品国产传媒

Global EditionASIA 中文雙語Fran?ais
Opinion
Home / Opinion / Opinion Line

Dispute resolution and risk control mechanisms needed for B&R projects

By Wu Zheyu | chinadaily.com.cn | Updated: 2017-04-13 10:47
Share
Share - WeChat

Rajat M.Nag gives a presentation themed "the challenges Asia faces" in the Emerging Markets Institute of Beijing Normal University on April 5, 2017. [Photo provided to chinadaily.com.cn] 

Editor's note: In a long-ranging interview with China Daily, Rajat M. Nag, the former Managing Director General of Asian Development Bank, shares his expectations of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the Belt and Road initiative's potential contribution to the world. As an Emerging Markets Institute professor at the Beijing Normal University, Nag also suggests disputes resolution and risks control mechanisms should be designed in advance.

Q1: With 70 members, AIIB now outnumbers the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and the Asia Development Bank (ADB). AIIB has become the world's second-largest multilateral development agency; so, with this information, how would you see AIIB perform across the international community, and what kind of contribution would you expect AIIB to make, being a newly initiated multilateral development bank?

Professor Nag: AIIB's mandated to promote infrastructure development in Asia. This is one area, for which, there is huge demand in the continent. AIIB, thus, has a very important role to play in the continued development of Asia.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) recently estimated Asia's infrastructure investment, over a fifteen year period (2016 to 2030), would amount to $26 trillion in total, equaling $1.7 trillion per year. The large demand cannot be financed by just the government or even the private sector, or one or two multilateral institutions. It is, therefore, very important the AIIB, ADB, World Bank and other institutions partner well in meeting these needs.

Q2: Could you suggest a few necessary, key points for projects organised by AIIB in the future?

Professor Nag: Demands for infrastructure in Asia cover sectors including roads, railways, ports, telecommunications and airports, and AIIB can assist in each of these areas.

The bank could greatly support the Asian Highways and Railways network, which still have several missing links. AIIB could also contribute to developing infrastructure in Asia, alongside improving connectivity.

Q3: Could you highlight some of the projects AIBB and ADB have worked on together, so far? Has co-financing projects been successful?

Professor Nag: It is too early to tell since the co-financing of projects, in a partnership by AIIB and ADB, have only just begun. However, I am quite sure ADB has applied a very stringent preparation criteria – in technical, economic, financial, environmental, social sections – to the co-financed projects, and AIIB has performed a due diligence on them. I, therefore, expect the projects would be well prepared and should have good chance at success.

If a project is designed well, it has a high probability of success, and, of course, implementation is key.

Q4: What would you say are the secrets to controlling the risks of Chinese companies who want to be involved in the B&R initiative?

Professor Nag: In order to control or minimise risks, it is important projects are well prepared – this would include having a well set out dispute resolution mechanism.

Projects must be clear and have a well laid out risk-sharing mechanism, which should state who is responsible for what risk if it succeeds or fails. If traffic demands turn out to be less than expected, somebody needs to wear the consequences of the lower toll revenues. Similarly, who will be responsible for project delays if the land acquisition process takes longer than originally thought?

The key to avoiding this from happening is to have a plan which clearly lays out possible contingencies, stating how they will be dealt with. A team also needs to have a clearly agreed mechanism, detailing how disputes will be resolved.

Q5: How do you regulate capitals for infrastructure projects, correctly and precisely?

Professor Nag: The answer depends on who is financing the project. If a private sector partner is involved, it is important to ensure the project earns a reasonable financial return. Appropriate tolls and tariffs, for example, must be levied, and there needs to be a mechanism in place for doing so.

Unfortunately, many infrastructure projects may not be financially viable, even though the project may be very desirable from a country's socio-economic perspective. The Government may, therefore, consider it very worthwhile to invest in these projects, and it could, overall, be a very good use of the national resources. The key to being successful is, however, the project must be assessed rigorously from an economic point of view, which is different from a financial view alone, to decide if the project should be undertaken.

You must also look at a country's limited resources are being effectively used, as well as monitor sound implementation and have close supervision of the project.

Most Viewed in 24 Hours
Top
BACK TO THE TOP
English
Copyright 1995 - . All rights reserved. The content (including but not limited to text, photo, multimedia information, etc) published in this site belongs to China Daily Information Co (CDIC). Without written authorization from CDIC, such content shall not be republished or used in any form. Note: Browsers with 1024*768 or higher resolution are suggested for this site.
License for publishing multimedia online 0108263

Registration Number: 130349
FOLLOW US
波多野结衣办公室双飞_制服 丝袜 综合 日韩 欧美_网站永久看片免费_欧美一级片在线免费观看_免费视频91蜜桃_精产国品一区二区三区_97超碰免费在线观看_欧美做受喷浆在线观看_国产熟妇搡bbbb搡bbbb_麻豆精品国产传媒
91精品欧美综合在线观看最新| 一区二区三区免费看视频| 日韩二区在线观看| 久草视频福利在线| 欧美日韩一区二区三区高清| 亚洲女与黑人做爰| 99re这里只有精品首页| 日韩a级片在线观看| 国产精品日产欧美久久久久| 国产成人免费xxxxxxxx| 特级西西人体高清大胆| 国产色爱av资源综合区| 国产伦精品一区二区三区视频青涩 | 秋霞午夜鲁丝一区二区| 在线观看xxx| 亚洲精品乱码久久久久久黑人 | 久久久久久免费网| 国产在线看一区| 羞羞在线观看视频| 国产精品的网站| av在线不卡免费看| 欧美曰成人黄网| 亚洲mv在线观看| 国产艳俗歌舞表演hd| 精品国产第一区二区三区观看体验| 久久99九九99精品| 蜜桃视频最新网址| 亚洲欧美日韩在线不卡| 少妇精品无码一区二区| 91精品国产日韩91久久久久久| 日本aⅴ精品一区二区三区 | 日韩专区中文字幕一区二区| 中文字幕高清视频| 国产午夜亚洲精品羞羞网站| 成人一区二区三区视频在线观看| 一本大道久久a久久综合| 亚洲一区在线看| 中文字幕高清视频| 中文乱码免费一区二区| 91麻豆国产香蕉久久精品| 91麻豆精品国产自产在线观看一区 | 欧洲一区在线电影| 日一区二区三区| 国产调教在线观看| 国产精品成人午夜| 精品少妇人妻av一区二区三区| 精品人在线二区三区| 久久久另类综合| 国产91丝袜在线播放九色| 在线一区二区三区四区五区| 天天综合天天做天天综合| 黄色片网站免费| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区久本道91 | 日韩一区二区精品葵司在线| 国产美女精品一区二区三区| 日本高清成人免费播放| 日本欧美在线看| 欧美第一页在线观看| 亚洲第一久久影院| 美国精品一区二区| 亚洲午夜av在线| 男女男精品视频网站| 一区二区三区精品视频| 亚洲av综合一区二区| 亚洲人一二三区| 最近中文字幕免费| 一区二区三区日本| 永久免费av无码网站性色av| 一区二区三区中文免费| 蜜桃av乱码一区二区三区| 一区二区三区91| 国产1区2区在线观看| 亚洲综合网站在线观看| youjizz亚洲女人| 午夜精彩视频在线观看不卡| 69夜色精品国产69乱| 日韩黄色免费网站| 色哟哟一区二区| 韩国精品在线观看| 欧美高清一级片在线| 成人一区二区三区视频在线观看| 日韩精品一区二区三区在线| 黄色片子免费看| 成人黄色短视频| 极品粉嫩小仙女高潮喷水久久| 欧美成人猛片aaaaaaa| 深夜福利网站在线观看| 日本一区二区动态图| 亚洲人人夜夜澡人人爽| 一区二区三区不卡视频| 男人晚上看的视频| 正在播放亚洲一区| 99精品久久久久久| 中文字幕成人av| 中国女人特级毛片| 日本系列欧美系列| 欧美三区免费完整视频在线观看| 国产不卡一区视频| 久久久久久久久岛国免费| 亚洲欧美日本一区| 亚洲福利一二三区| 在线观看欧美日本| 不卡视频一二三四| 日本一区二区三区高清不卡| www在线观看免费视频| 日韩成人一区二区| 欧美人与性动xxxx| 亚洲成人av免费观看| 综合久久久久久| 欧洲第一无人区观看| 国产成人一区二区精品非洲| 久久一夜天堂av一区二区三区| 手机av免费看| 免费国产亚洲视频| 日韩一区二区三区视频| 黄色免费看视频| 无吗不卡中文字幕| 4438x成人网最大色成网站| 国内自拍偷拍视频| 亚洲一区二区三区四区在线 | 激情无码人妻又粗又大| 精油按摩中文字幕久久| 欧美不卡一区二区三区四区| 一本加勒比波多野结衣| 丝袜美腿一区二区三区| 欧美一区二区免费| 北岛玲一区二区| 男女激情视频一区| 精品国产三级a在线观看| 受虐m奴xxx在线观看| 精品一区二区国语对白| 久久众筹精品私拍模特| 国产熟女一区二区| 国产在线精品免费| 中文字幕精品—区二区四季| 一级片一级片一级片| 成人精品亚洲人成在线| 亚洲天堂福利av| 欧美色手机在线观看| 国产国语老龄妇女a片| 五月婷婷欧美视频| 欧美成人综合网站| 日本午夜精品视频| 成人一区二区三区视频在线观看| 亚洲视频免费看| 欧美三级电影在线看| 白嫩情侣偷拍呻吟刺激| 蜜桃一区二区三区四区| 久久精品亚洲乱码伦伦中文| 国产一区二区视频在线| 国产精品久久久久久久第一福利| 色婷婷av一区二区| 美女伦理水蜜桃4| 老汉av免费一区二区三区 | 粉嫩13p一区二区三区| 亚洲人成网站在线| 欧美私人免费视频| jizz日本免费| 国产精品123| 亚洲男人电影天堂| 欧美一级视频精品观看| 亚洲毛片亚洲毛片亚洲毛片| www.日韩精品| 午夜影院久久久| 久久久久久一级片| 色综合久久88色综合天天 | 91精品国产入口在线| 日本美女bbw| 972aa.com艺术欧美| 石原莉奈在线亚洲三区| 国产偷国产偷亚洲高清人白洁| 色综合久久综合网| 99久久人妻无码中文字幕系列| 国产精品资源网| 亚洲午夜私人影院| 久久先锋影音av| 欧美伊人久久久久久久久影院| 久久久精品人妻无码专区| 大尺度一区二区| 日日摸夜夜添夜夜添精品视频| 欧美国产1区2区| 777午夜精品视频在线播放| 日韩黄色中文字幕| 精品国产aⅴ一区二区三区东京热| 精品一区中文字幕| 一区二区三区在线免费视频 | 国产精品18久久久久久久久久久久 | 亚洲欧美日韩一区二区三区在线观看| 91麻豆精品国产| tube国产麻豆| 亚洲成人日韩在线| 91在线观看成人| 国内精品久久久久影院一蜜桃| 亚洲亚洲精品在线观看| 欧美高清在线一区| 日韩美女天天操| 欧美性xxxxx极品少妇| 美国黄色特级片| 日本护士做爰视频| 99久久国产综合色|国产精品|