波多野结衣办公室双飞_制服 丝袜 综合 日韩 欧美_网站永久看片免费_欧美一级片在线免费观看_免费视频91蜜桃_精产国品一区二区三区_97超碰免费在线观看_欧美做受喷浆在线观看_国产熟妇搡bbbb搡bbbb_麻豆精品国产传媒

Global EditionASIA 中文雙語Fran?ais
Lifestyle
Home / Lifestyle / Weekend Life

Restoring color to China's Terracotta Warriors

China Daily | Updated: 2017-09-23 07:33
Share
Share - WeChat

Ongoing exhibition shows how researchers are repairing precious relics

XI'AN - Four minutes. Just four minutes is all it takes for the rarest colors on Earth to fade in front of a pair of human eyes. Han blue and Han purple, also called Chinese blue and Chinese purple, are made of synthetic barium copper silicate.

The pigments were first used in paint in the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC), and in large quantities in the Terracotta Warriors unearthed from the tomb of Emperor Qinshihuang, China's first emperor, who lived between 259-210 BC.

"Almost every warrior and horse was painted, but after more than 2,200 years the pigments were so old they began to change just 15 seconds after they were unearthed, and within four minutes the lacquer layers that were bound with the pigments broke from the surface," says Xia Yin, director of relics protection department at Emperor Qinshihuang's Mausoleum Site Museum.

 

The life-size Terracotta Warriors were first discovered in 1974 from the tomb of Emperor Qinshihuang, China's first emperor. Photos by Shao Rui / Xinhua

"Before the artifacts were unearthed, they were protected by a cooler and more humid underground environment," says Xia, who has spent more than 20 years researching the artifacts.

The life-size clay figures were first discovered in 1974 in the underground mausoleum, the world's largest. But there were no advanced techniques to properly protect the warriors, Xia says.

"Photographers did not have the time to take a picture before the paints began to disappear," he said.

For the last 20 years, Chinese researchers have collaborated with German scholars on preserving colors on pottery.

An exhibition is on in Xi'an, capital of Shaanxi province, where the mausoleum is located, to show the progress researchers have made in retaining the colors of the excavated artifacts. The exhibition started on Aug. 30 and will last three months.

Rare paints

No written records have been found on the production of Han purple and Han blue. The rare paints were used on pottery, murals and tomb artifacts during the Western Zhou period (1046-771 BC) until the end of the Han dynasty (AD 220). However, since then they have disappeared.

"Synthetic barium copper silicate is made from azurite, barite, quartz and other minerals heated together in temperature around 1,000 degrees Celsius. We can try to make the pigments in labs, but it is a very difficult technique, even for today," Xia says.

The paints were bound to the surface with lacquer, symbolizing luxury and status. They were used by emperors and noble families.

Overall, in the Qinshihuang mausoleum, there are more than ten colors for the Terracottas, including scarlet, pink, green, jujube red, azure, pink-purple and reddish brown.

"The colors on the surface of Terracotta Warriors show vibrancy and liveliness in the emotions of the Qin people. It is definitely not one of sadness or low spirit," says Yuan Zhongyi, a senior archaeologist and retired curator of the museum.

Better protection

The first excavation began on Pit No 2 in 1994. Nearly 8,000 life-size warriors and horses along with tens of thousands of pieces of weaponry have been uncovered in three pits.

"We sprayed an antiseptic substance to the layers once the warriors were unearthed, wrapped them with plastic membranes to keep them humid and had skilled workers to clean the surface and work on them in labs," says Hou Ningbin, curator of the museum.

The new techniques can keep the paint stable for over ten years, he said.

The technology has been used on repairing unearthed artifacts from other parts of China.

"Now visitors can see for themselves the scarlet hair bands, pink faces, scarlet lips, purple robes and pants of the warriors. They can also visit our digital museum to explore the vividness of colors on the warriors," Hou says.

"The excavated part of the mausoleum is about 1 percent of the total. What we know is the tip of an iceberg. Many more things remain buried underground, but we'd rather things remain as they are now, because we may not be technically ready to protect them yet," Hou says. "The world of colors down below is still a mystery, and we need to be patient."

Xinhua

 

Now visitors can see for themselves the scarlet hair bands, pink faces, scarlet lips, purple robes and pants of the warriors.

(China Daily 09/23/2017 page16)

Most Popular
Top
BACK TO THE TOP
English
Copyright 1995 - . All rights reserved. The content (including but not limited to text, photo, multimedia information, etc) published in this site belongs to China Daily Information Co (CDIC). Without written authorization from CDIC, such content shall not be republished or used in any form. Note: Browsers with 1024*768 or higher resolution are suggested for this site.
License for publishing multimedia online 0108263

Registration Number: 130349
FOLLOW US
 
波多野结衣办公室双飞_制服 丝袜 综合 日韩 欧美_网站永久看片免费_欧美一级片在线免费观看_免费视频91蜜桃_精产国品一区二区三区_97超碰免费在线观看_欧美做受喷浆在线观看_国产熟妇搡bbbb搡bbbb_麻豆精品国产传媒
久久久久久夜精品精品免费| 日本午夜精品视频| 在线免费观看视频一区| 亚洲国产精品av| 国产福利一区二区三区| 国产精品成人在线视频| 久久久久久久精| 国模少妇一区二区三区| jizz18女人高潮| 国产欧美精品在线观看| 国产精品综合久久| 黑人操日本美女| 国产精品理论片在线观看| 成人中文字幕合集| 美女福利视频在线观看| 亚洲人成网站在线| 日韩精品xxx| 777xxx欧美| 欧美aⅴ一区二区三区视频| 久久久久久久久久久久| 久久久久成人黄色影片| 国产成人av电影在线观看| 午夜国产福利一区二区| 亚洲视频1区2区| 国产又粗又猛又爽又黄| 51午夜精品国产| 蜜臀av性久久久久蜜臀aⅴ流畅 | 日韩欧美在线综合网| 日韩精品电影在线| 91精品国自产在线| 中文在线一区二区| 91丨porny丨蝌蚪视频| 欧美日本在线播放| 美女视频黄频大全不卡视频在线播放| 一区二区三区伦理片| 欧美国产日韩a欧美在线观看| 成人动漫一区二区三区| 欧美少妇bbb| 奇米亚洲午夜久久精品| 在线免费看视频| 亚洲美女视频在线| 国产精品麻豆入口| 国产日韩欧美精品一区| 99久久99久久综合| 日韩一级免费观看| 国产精品一区二区在线观看不卡| 色猫猫国产区一区二在线视频| 亚洲动漫第一页| 东京热无码av男人的天堂| 亚洲三级在线观看| 三级黄色片网站| 国产精品福利影院| 理论片大全免费理伦片| 国产亚洲人成网站| 老司机av网站| 久久美女高清视频| 伦伦影院午夜理论片| 精品国产伦理网| 99久久久国产精品| 精品久久久久久久久久久久久久久 | 国产黄人亚洲片| 精品视频1区2区| 韩国精品在线观看| 欧美性xxxxxx少妇| 国内精品嫩模私拍在线| 欧美亚州韩日在线看免费版国语版| 日韩av电影免费观看高清完整版| 少妇视频一区二区| 视频一区二区三区中文字幕| 女人18毛片毛片毛片毛片区二| 亚洲va天堂va国产va久| 中文字幕美女视频| 日韩av一区二区三区四区| 人妻少妇精品一区二区三区| 日本vs亚洲vs韩国一区三区| 在线免费日韩av| 九一九一国产精品| 精品视频在线免费观看| 国产大陆a不卡| 日韩欧美国产麻豆| 波多野结衣电影免费观看| 国产欧美精品国产国产专区| 三叶草欧洲码在线| 有码一区二区三区| 黄色香蕉视频在线观看| 麻豆视频观看网址久久| 欧美日韩亚洲综合在线| 成人久久视频在线观看| 久久―日本道色综合久久| 午夜不卡久久精品无码免费| 国产精品欧美久久久久无广告 | 精品国产91久久久久久久妲己| japan高清日本乱xxxxx| 国产精品天美传媒沈樵| 国产精成人品免费观看| 日韩一区精品视频| 欧美三级韩国三级日本一级| 成人黄色大片在线观看| 国产视频一区二区在线观看| 日韩av一二区| 亚洲不卡av一区二区三区| 在线观看日韩av先锋影音电影院| 国产传媒日韩欧美成人| 26uuu精品一区二区| 国产伦精品一区二区三区妓女 | 色88888久久久久久影院野外 | 精品99一区二区三区| 免费黄色三级网站| 亚洲国产视频网站| 欧美体内she精视频| www.欧美.com| 中文字幕制服丝袜一区二区三区| 国产一级淫片久久久片a级| 九色综合国产一区二区三区| 日韩一区二区不卡| 好男人香蕉影院| 亚洲成a人片在线不卡一二三区 | 久久婷婷国产综合精品青草| 亚洲av成人精品一区二区三区| 一区二区三区在线播放| 欧洲av一区二区嗯嗯嗯啊| av成人老司机| 亚洲欧美激情小说另类| 91久久精品一区二区三区| 99精品视频在线观看| 亚洲少妇屁股交4| 91久久精品网| 先锋资源在线视频| 亚洲国产毛片aaaaa无费看| 欧美日韩国产在线观看| 扒开伸进免费视频| 午夜精品久久久久久久| 日韩无一区二区| 女人又爽又黄免费女仆| 国产在线精品不卡| 欧美激情中文不卡| 一区二区三区影视| av不卡免费电影| 亚洲综合色区另类av| 欧美军同video69gay| 超碰男人的天堂| 久久不见久久见免费视频7| 久久新电视剧免费观看| 很污很黄的网站| 成人福利视频网站| 一区二区国产视频| 91精品国产综合久久精品麻豆 | 久久亚洲二区三区| 国产又色又爽又高潮免费| 成人avav在线| 亚洲综合在线免费观看| 欧美一区二区三区视频在线| 国产人妻一区二区| 国产白丝精品91爽爽久久| 男男一级淫片免费播放| 视频在线观看一区| 2024国产精品| 欧洲猛交xxxx乱大交3| 伊人影院在线观看视频| 日韩精品亚洲专区| 久久久精品一品道一区| 色综合久久88色综合天天免费| 95视频在线观看| 韩国一区二区在线观看| 亚洲欧洲综合另类| 日韩午夜激情视频| 精品国产大片大片大片| 在线观看你懂的视频| 免费一级欧美片在线观看| 国产精品网站在线播放| 欧美日韩国产色站一区二区三区| 无码人妻精品一区二区中文| 不卡视频免费播放| 天堂av在线一区| 亚洲国产精品精华液ab| 欧美日韩成人综合在线一区二区 | 久久先锋资源网| 一本大道久久a久久综合婷婷| 制服丝袜第一页在线观看| 国产成人高清视频| 石原莉奈在线亚洲二区| 中文字幕第一区综合| 欧美日本韩国一区二区三区视频 | 日韩福利电影在线| 国产精品美女久久久久aⅴ| 9191成人精品久久| 在线免费看av网站| 亚洲色图14p| 成人aa视频在线观看| 免费在线观看视频一区| 日韩伦理电影网| 久久在线观看免费| 欧美日韩国产成人在线91| 天天摸日日摸狠狠添| 日本少妇一级片| 国产福利一区二区三区在线视频| 五月激情六月综合| 亚洲视频1区2区| 国产视频一区不卡| 日韩美女在线视频|