Mogao Caves

Over 700 caves were carved into the cliffs in Dunhuang, Gansu province, a Silk Road crossroads, between the 4th and 14th centuries. The site is renowned for its rich reservoir of murals and painted sculptures that are testament to the frequent cultural exchanges among various civilizations along the Eurasian trade routes. The discovery of the Dunhuang Manuscripts in the Library Cave at the site also provides invaluable reference materials for studies of ancient China and Central Asia.

On visiting the site in 2019, Xi said that the sound protection of Mogao Caves and inheritance of Dunhuang culture is a responsibility that is held by the Chinese nation for the advancement of the world's civilization. He also emphasized the importance of strengthening academic studies surrounding Dunhuang.