After their talks, the two presidents jointly witnessed the exchange of more than 10 cooperation documents, covering areas such as trade, investment, science and technology, customs, tourism and media.

Kazakhstan is the largest country in Central Asia and shares a 1,700-plus-kilometer border with China. In 2022, the two countries agreed on the vision of building a China-Kazakhstan community with a shared future defined by lasting friendship, a high degree of mutual trust and sharing of weal and woe.

Observers said that the two heads of state have provided significant strategic guidance for the sustainable development of bilateral ties.

Xiao Bin, a researcher of Central Asian studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that cooperation between China and Kazakhstan in recent years has been accelerating and expanding across multiple fields, laying a solid foundation for the new "golden 30 years".

"China's trade and economic cooperation with Kazakhstan has not only provided the Kazakh people with a genuine sense of benefit, but has also contributed to the diversification of Kazakhstan's economy and the stability of its society," Xiao said.

In addition to enhancing and improving traditional areas of cooperation, China and Kazakhstan are also exploring emerging areas of collaboration, including green development, by launching a hydrogen energy innovation cooperation center, he added.

mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn