波多野结衣办公室双飞_制服 丝袜 综合 日韩 欧美_网站永久看片免费_欧美一级片在线免费观看_免费视频91蜜桃_精产国品一区二区三区_97超碰免费在线观看_欧美做受喷浆在线观看_国产熟妇搡bbbb搡bbbb_麻豆精品国产传媒

 
 
 

English settlers establish colonies In the New World

中國日報網 2012-09-20 10:35

 

Get Flash Player

Download

STEVE EMBER: Welcome to THE MAKING OF A NATION – American history in VOA Special English. I’m Steve Ember.

Last week in our series, we talked about the voyages to the New World by Christoper Columbus and other explorers sailing for Spain and Portugal. Today, we tell the story of the first permanent English settlements in North America.

(MUSIC)

England was the first country to compete with Spain for claims in the New World. Queen Elizabeth the First supported explorations as early as the fifteen seventies.

Sir Humphrey Gilbert led the first English settlement efforts, but he did not establish any lasting settlement. He died as he was returning to England.

Gilbert's half-brother, Sir Walter Raleigh, continued the work. Raleigh sent a number of ships to explore the east coast of North America. He named the land Virginia in honor of Queen Elizabeth, who never married and was known as "the Virgin Queen."

(MUSIC)

In fifteen eighty-five, about one hundred men settled on Roanoke Island, off the coast of the present-day state of North Carolina. These settlers returned to England a year later. Another group went to Roanoke the next year. This group included a number of women and children. But the supply ships that Raleigh sent to the colony failed to arrive. When help got there in fifteen-ninety, none of the settlers could be found. At least some of the settlers may have become part of the Indian tribe that lived in the area.

(MUSIC)

One reason for the delay in getting supplies to Roanoke was the attack of the Spanish Navy against England in fifteen eighty-eight. King Phillip of Spain had decided to invade England. But the small English ships combined with a fierce storm defeated the huge Spanish fleet. As a result, Spain was no longer able to block English exploration.

England discovered that supporting colonies so far away cost a lot of money. So Queen Elizabeth took no more action to do it. Not until after her death in sixteen three did England begin serious efforts to start colonies in America.

(MUSIC)

In sixteen six, the new English King, James the First, gave two business groups permission to establish colonies in Virginia, the area claimed by England. Companies were organized to carry out the move.

The London Company sent one hundred settlers to Virginia in sixteen six. The group landed there in May, sixteen seven and founded Jamestown. It was the first permanent English colony in the new world.

The colony seemed about to fail from the start. The settlers did not plant their crops in time so they soon had no food. Their leaders lacked the farming and building skills needed to survive on the land. More than half the settlers died during the first winter.

(MUSIC)

The businessmen controlling the colony from London knew nothing about living in such a wild place. They wanted the settlers to search for gold, and explore local rivers in hopes of finding a way to the East. One settler knew this was wrong. His name was Captain John Smith. He helped the colonists build houses and grow food by learning from the local Indians. Still, the Jamestown settlers continued to die each year from disease, starvation and Indian attacks.

The London Company sent six thousand settlers to Virginia between sixteen six and sixteen twenty-two. More than four thousand died during that time.

Historians say that all the settlers surely would have died without the help of the local Powhatan Indians. The Indians gave the settlers food. They taught them how to live in the forest. And the Powhatan Indians showed the settlers how to plant new crops and how to clear the land for building.

The settlers accepted the Indians' help. Then, however, the settlers took whatever else they wanted by force. In sixteen twenty-two, the local Indians attacked the settlers for interfering with Indian land. Three hundred forty settlers died. The colonists answered the attack by destroying the native tribes living along Virginia's coast.

(MUSIC)

The settlers recognized that they would have to grow their own food and survive on their own without help from England or anyone else. The Jamestown colony was clearly established by sixteen twenty-four. It was even beginning to earn money by growing and selling a new crop: tobacco.

The other early English settlements in North America were much to the north, in what is today the state of Massachusetts. The people who settled there left England for reasons different from those who settled in Jamestown. The Virginia settlers were looking for ways to earn money for English businesses. The settlers in Massachusetts were seeking religious freedom.

(MUSIC)

King Henry the Eighth of England had separated from the Roman Catholic Church. His daughter, Queen Elizabeth, established the Protestant faith in England. It was called the Church of England, or the Anglican Church. The Anglican Church, however, was similar to the Roman Catholic Church.

Not all Protestants liked this idea. Some wanted to leave the Anglican Church and form religious groups of their own. In sixteen six, members of one group in the town of Scrooby did separate from the Anglican Church. About one hundred twenty-five people left England for Holland. They found problems there too, so they decided to move again -- to the New World.

These people were called pilgrims. Pilgrams are people who travel for religious reasons.

About thirty-five pilgrims were among the one hundred and two passengers and crew on a ship called the Mayflower in sixteen twenty. The Mayflower set sail from England, headed for Virginia. But the ship never reached Virginia. It was blown far off its planned course. Instead, it reached land far to the north, on Cape Cod Bay. The group decided to stay there instead of trying to find Jamestown, far to the south in Virginia.

(MUSIC)

They settled what would become the Massachusetts Bay Colony, They called the colony Plymouth, naming it after the harbor in England, from which they departed on their voyage to the New World.

The pilgrims and the others aboard the Mayflower believed they were not under English control since they did not land in Virginia. They saw the need for rules that would help them live together peacefully. They wrote a plan of government, which they called the Mayflower Compact. It was the first such plan ever developed in the New World.

They elected William Bradford as the first governor of the Plymouth Colony. We know about the first thirty years of the colony as William Bradford described it in his book, "Of Plymouth Plantation." It is also sometimes referred to as “William Bradford’s Journal.”

It actually tells the story of the Pilgrims from sixteen-eight, when they settled in the Netherlands through the Mayflower voyage, until the year sixteen forty-seven. It ends with a list, written in sixteen fifty, of Mayflower passengers and what happened to them.

(MUSIC)

As happened in Jamestown, about half the settlers in Plymouth died during the first winter. The survivors were surprised to find an Indian who spoke English. His name was Squanto. He had been kidnapped by an English sea captain and had lived in England before returning to his people.

The Pilgrims believed God had sent them Squanto. He made it possible for them to communicate with the native people. He showed them the best places to fish, what kind of crops to plant and how to grow them. He provided them with all kinds of information they needed to survive. The settlers invited the Indians to a feast in the month of November to celebrate their successes and to thank Squanto for his help. Americans remember this feast when they celebrate the holiday of Thanksgiving Day in November.

(MUSIC)

Other English settlers began arriving in the area now called New England. One large group was the Puritans. Like the pilgrims, the Puritans disagreed with the Anglican Church. But they did not want to leave the church. The Puritans wanted to change it to make it more holy in their view. Their desire for this change made them unwelcome in England.

The first ship carrying Puritans left England for America in sixteen thirty. By the end of that summer, one thousand Puritans had landed in the Northeast. Charles, the new English King, had given permission for them to settle in the Massachusetts Bay area.

The Puritans began leaving England in large groups. Between sixteen thirty and sixteen forty, twenty thousand sailed for New England. They risked their lives on the dangerous trip. They wanted to live among people who believed as they did.

The Puritans and other Europeans, however, found a very different people already living in the New World. They were the native Americans, or Indians, as Columbus called them, after thinking he had reached the East. That will be our story next week.

You can find our series online with transcripts, MP3s, podcasts and pictures at voaspecialenglish.com. You can also follow us on Facebook and Twitter at VOA Learning English. I’m Steve Ember, inviting you to join us again next week for THE MAKING OF A NATION -- American history in VOA Special English.

相關閱讀

Despite recession, blow-dry bars heat up(視頻)

Refugee camps spread life-threatening diseases(視頻)

Fewer children under the age of five are dying

Apollo 13: 'Houston, we've had a problem here'

(來源:VOA 編輯:Julie)

 
中國日報網英語點津版權說明:凡注明來源為“中國日報網英語點津:XXX(署名)”的原創作品,除與中國日報網簽署英語點津內容授權協議的網站外,其他任何網站或單位未經允許不得非法盜鏈、轉載和使用,違者必究。如需使用,請與010-84883561聯系;凡本網注明“來源:XXX(非英語點津)”的作品,均轉載自其它媒體,目的在于傳播更多信息,其他媒體如需轉載,請與稿件來源方聯系,如產生任何問題與本網無關;本網所發布的歌曲、電影片段,版權歸原作者所有,僅供學習與研究,如果侵權,請提供版權證明,以便盡快刪除。

中國日報網雙語新聞

掃描左側二維碼

添加Chinadaily_Mobile
你想看的我們這兒都有!

中國日報雙語手機報

點擊左側圖標查看訂閱方式

中國首份雙語手機報
學英語看資訊一個都不能少!

關注和訂閱

本文相關閱讀
人氣排行
搜熱詞
 
 
精華欄目
 

閱讀

詞匯

視聽

翻譯

口語

合作

 

關于我們 | 聯系方式 | 招聘信息

Copyright by chinadaily.com.cn. All rights reserved. None of this material may be used for any commercial or public use. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. 版權聲明:本網站所刊登的中國日報網英語點津內容,版權屬中國日報網所有,未經協議授權,禁止下載使用。 歡迎愿意與本網站合作的單位或個人與我們聯系。

電話:8610-84883645

傳真:8610-84883500

Email: languagetips@chinadaily.com.cn

波多野结衣办公室双飞_制服 丝袜 综合 日韩 欧美_网站永久看片免费_欧美一级片在线免费观看_免费视频91蜜桃_精产国品一区二区三区_97超碰免费在线观看_欧美做受喷浆在线观看_国产熟妇搡bbbb搡bbbb_麻豆精品国产传媒
大尺度在线观看| 欧美日韩国产小视频在线观看| 日韩精品一区二区三区视频播放| 亚洲一卡二卡三卡四卡 | 久久精品国产99国产| 国产极品一区二区| 91.com视频| 天堂影院一区二区| 国产福利在线观看视频| 91精品欧美综合在线观看最新| 亚洲高清免费在线| 国产高清成人久久| 91精品国产福利在线观看| 污片在线观看一区二区| 又黄又爽的网站| 欧美一区二区三区四区高清| 青草国产精品久久久久久| 欲求不满的岳中文字幕| 欧美一区三区四区| 天堂蜜桃91精品| 丰满圆润老女人hd| 久久久久久久久久久久久久久99| 国产在线播放一区三区四| 美女100%露胸无遮挡| 久久久久久久一区| 粉嫩av一区二区三区粉嫩 | 中文字幕av一区二区三区高| 成人午夜大片免费观看| 日本道精品一区二区三区| 一区二区三区精品久久久| 丰满少妇xbxb毛片日本| 日韩午夜av一区| 寂寞少妇一区二区三区| 少妇视频一区二区| 亚洲人快播电影网| 国产精品亚洲一区二区无码| 日韩一区二区在线观看视频播放| 久久99国产精品久久99| 男人av资源站| 亚洲一二三级电影| 日韩一区二区a片免费观看| 日本一区二区三区在线观看| 91在线视频官网| 日韩一级片网站| 国产二区国产一区在线观看| 色综合av在线| 青椒成人免费视频| 国产suv一区二区三区| 亚洲午夜一二三区视频| 色无极影院亚洲| 国产精品久久久99| 国产精品熟妇一区二区三区四区| 精品电影一区二区三区 | 成人一区二区视频| 欧美片在线播放| 国产一区福利在线| 91黄色免费网站| 麻豆精品一区二区综合av| 精品一区在线观看视频| 水野朝阳av一区二区三区| 国产精品麻豆免费版现看视频| 亚洲一线二线三线视频| 欧美福利第一页| 亚洲一区二区在线观看视频| 阿v天堂2014| 亚洲午夜久久久久久久久久久 | 天天做天天摸天天爽国产一区| 久久日免费视频| 艳妇臀荡乳欲伦亚洲一区| 亚洲а∨天堂久久精品2021| 一卡二卡三卡日韩欧美| 免费一级suv好看的国产网站| 亚洲第一福利一区| 熟女av一区二区| 蜜桃av噜噜一区| 欧美亚洲图片小说| 国产精品一卡二卡| 日韩一区二区三区视频| 99r国产精品| 国产亚洲一区二区三区在线观看| 岛国av免费观看| 国产精品三级电影| 女尊高h男高潮呻吟| 亚洲伦在线观看| 香蕉成人在线视频| 奇米精品一区二区三区在线观看一| 91久久精品一区二区三区| 国内精品视频666| 91精品国产综合久久久蜜臀粉嫩 | 亚洲精品视频自拍| 强制高潮抽搐sm调教高h| 免费成人在线网站| 欧美性猛交xxxx黑人交| 成人午夜av在线| 亚洲精品在线观看视频| 中文字幕乱视频| 一区二区三区中文字幕在线观看| 亚洲aaa视频| 精彩视频一区二区| 欧美成人一区二区三区片免费| 亚洲欧美激情一区二区三区| 中文字幕一区二| 精品在线观看一区| 精品一区精品二区高清| 日韩三级伦理片妻子的秘密按摩| 波多野结衣电影免费观看| 亚洲欧洲精品一区二区三区| 精品伦精品一区二区三区视频密桃| 青青草国产精品亚洲专区无| 欧美精品久久久久久久多人混战| 69久久精品无码一区二区| 中文字幕欧美一区| 国产麻豆视频在线观看| 国产精品一区二区久激情瑜伽| 精品国产乱码91久久久久久网站| 欧美大片免费播放器| 亚洲成人你懂的| 欧美日韩亚洲丝袜制服| 天天爽夜夜爽视频| 一卡二卡三卡日韩欧美| 欧美一a一片一级一片| 91小宝寻花一区二区三区| 亚洲人成伊人成综合网小说| 色综合久久综合网| 白白色 亚洲乱淫| 亚洲免费观看高清完整版在线观看熊| 日本妇女毛茸茸| 99综合影院在线| 亚洲精品国产一区二区精华液| 色欧美日韩亚洲| 97精品久久久午夜一区二区三区| 亚洲日本免费电影| 欧美色中文字幕| youjizz.com国产| 日韩高清在线观看| 精品国产91久久久久久久妲己| 一区二区伦理片| 国产精品77777竹菊影视小说| 国产欧美视频一区二区三区| 久久99久久99精品免费看小说| 成人小视频在线观看| 亚洲欧美日韩电影| 欧美日韩一级二级| 熟妇高潮精品一区二区三区| 久久9热精品视频| 亚洲国产精品精华液ab| 中文字幕在线观看成人| 久久久久亚洲av无码网站| 日韩中文字幕区一区有砖一区| 精品欧美一区二区久久| 欧美日韩国产一二三区| 91玉足脚交白嫩脚丫在线播放| 亚洲综合在线五月| 日韩三级在线观看| 国产大屁股喷水视频在线观看| 成人免费高清视频| 亚洲国产成人精品视频| 精品久久久久一区二区国产| 天堂av免费在线| 一级黄色免费毛片| 美国三级日本三级久久99 | 日韩人妻一区二区三区| 国产精品小仙女| 亚洲精品国产精品乱码不99| 欧美一区二区精品| 成人一级黄色大片| 潘金莲一级淫片aaaaa| 毛片av中文字幕一区二区| 国产精品免费久久久久| 欧美美女一区二区在线观看| 日韩中文字幕有码| 99久久婷婷国产综合精品电影| 性欧美大战久久久久久久久| 国产视频一区在线播放| 欧美在线制服丝袜| 中文字幕被公侵犯的漂亮人妻| 成人av高清在线| 日韩国产精品大片| 亚洲欧洲精品一区二区三区| 日韩午夜在线观看视频| 黑人巨大精品一区二区在线| 漂亮人妻被黑人久久精品| 国产精品99久久久久久久vr| 亚洲高清一区二区三区| 国产日韩欧美精品在线| 欧美日韩精品一区二区三区蜜桃| av手机在线播放| 久久久久99人妻一区二区三区| 国产一区二区三区四 | 久久久久久久久久网站| 亚洲第一黄色网址| av亚洲精华国产精华| 久久精品国产色蜜蜜麻豆| 亚洲精品乱码久久久久久久久| 欧美精品一区二区久久婷婷| 欧美一a一片一级一片| 欧美成人短视频| yy1111111| 91麻豆国产精品久久| 国产伦精品一区二区三区视频青涩 |