波多野结衣办公室双飞_制服 丝袜 综合 日韩 欧美_网站永久看片免费_欧美一级片在线免费观看_免费视频91蜜桃_精产国品一区二区三区_97超碰免费在线观看_欧美做受喷浆在线观看_国产熟妇搡bbbb搡bbbb_麻豆精品国产传媒

 
 
 

Medical experts debate value of alcohol use

VOA 2012-10-31 09:30

 

Get Flash Player

Download

This is SCIENCE IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English. I’m Barbara Klein.

And I’m Bob Doughty.

Drinking alcohol is socially acceptable behavior in many parts of the world. Some medical experts say light drinking may be good for your health, especially for the heart. But they say these health benefits should be compared to the many health risks linked to alcohol use.

Today we report on some of the issues involving alcohol. And we tell about findings that may help people who have grown dependent on alcohol.

Millions of people around the world have a glass of wine with dinner, drink a beer at a sporting event, or accept alcoholic drinks at a party.

The use of alcohol dates back more than ten thousand years. From then until now, alcohol has played an important part in human civilization. It is used in cultural and religious ceremonies, at social gatherings, and even for medical purposes.

Records of alcohol’s effects date back to ancient times. Alcohol has been called both a tonic and a poison. And medical experts continue to debate its value.

Alcohol is created through a process called fermentation. During this process, yeast is used to turn sugar into a simple molecule – ethanol, also called ethyl alcohol. Different kinds of sugar are used to make different alcoholic drinks. For example, the sugar from grapes is used to make wine. Sugar from grain is used to produce vodka and gin. And sugar from sugarcane or molasses can produce rum.

Alcohol affects every organ in the body. When alcohol enters the body, some of it goes immediately to the stomach and the bloodstream. The rest of it, about eighty percent, goes to the small intestine and is released into the bloodstream. Once alcohol enters the blood, it is pumped throughout the body by the heart.

The liver is responsible for detoxifying the alcohol and removing it from the blood. But, the liver can only process a small amount of alcohol at a time. The rest continues to move throughout the body. It mixes with the water in bodily tissue. It also enters the central nervous system and the brain. Ethanol acts as a drug, affecting emotions, coordination and thinking ability.

There has been a large amount of research done on alcohol and its effects on human health. Much of the research has examined the harmful effects. But, some research suggests that having one to two drinks of alcohol a day may offer some health benefits.

Several large studies have shown that this type of moderate drinking may lower the risk of coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, ischemic stroke and diabetes. Moderate drinking has also been linked to a reduced risk of death from heart attack and a decreased risk of Alzheimer’s and other dementias.

A study earlier this year suggested that drinking small amounts of red wine may help lower the risk of breast cancer in women.

Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in California studied thirty six women. Each woman drank a glass of red or white wine every day for almost a month. Researchers collected blood samples from the women two times a month to measure their hormone levels.

The next month the women who drank red wine were told to drink white wine instead. The white wine drinkers were told to drink red wine. The researchers found that the women who drank red wine had lower levels of the female hormone estrogen than the white wine drinkers. Estrogen levels are known to increase the growth of cancer cells in the body.

Glenn Braunstein helped to prepare a report on the study. He said red grapes have chemicals that are not found in white grapes. He said the study suggests that these chemicals may help to lower the risk of breast cancer.

The report was published in the Journal of Women’s Health. Both Dr. Braunstein and study organizer Chrisandra Shufelt called for larger studies to measure the safety and effectiveness of red wine in reducing breast cancer risk. They said other recent studies suggested that even small amounts of alcohol may generally increase the risk of breast cancer in women.

Researchers at Harvard University carried out one such study. It found that women who drink four small glasses of wine a week increase their risk of breast cancer by fifteen percent.

Many other studies have examined the harmful effects of alcohol use on the body. Medical experts say the deciding issues are how much alcohol you drink, and how you drink it. For example, experts say having three drinks in one day is not the same as having one drink a day for three days.

Alicia Ann Kowalchuk is medical director of an alcohol and drug intervention program called InSight, at the Harris County Hospital District of Houston, Texas. She is also an assistant professor at the Baylor College of Medicine.

“We think of substance use issues along a continuum now, going all the way from abstinence, to healthy use, to misuse, to abuse and to dependency. Healthy use for adults -- that’s men under age sixty-five -- is no more than four drinks in a day and no more than fourteen drinks in a week. And for women of all ages, it’s no more than seven drinks in a week and no more than three drinks on a day.”

Dr. Kowalchuk says that to get the health benefits linked to alcohol, men and women should limit their drinking even more.

“Pretty much all the literature that I’ve seen really shows that when you go above about one drink on average per day for women and two drinks on average per day for men younger than sixty-five, you start negating all of those positive health benefits.”

She also says staying within those limits is considered safe or non-hazardous drinking.

“For misuse you’re drinking above those limits, but you haven’t had a lot of consequences from your drinking. Once you get to abuse you start having consequences and despite the consequences you keep using. So that’s the hallmark of abuse, to continue using for at least a year despite having maybe a DUI (drinking under the influence), a health consequence, a work consequence or a family consequence.”

And, she says, alcohol dependency is further marked by a complete loss of control over alcohol use.

Kim Dennis is medical director of the Timberline Knolls Residential Treatment Center in Illinois. She notes another consideration when talking about alcohol limits.

“When we talk about an alcoholic beverage, we need to be very clear about what we’re talking about because many of my patients at Timberline Knolls would consider a thirty-two ounce glass of beer one alcoholic beverage. And when we talk about having one alcoholic beverage, we’re referring specifically to twelve ounces of beer, five ounces of wine or one and a half ounces of hard liquor.”

Dr. Dennis says whether drinking alcohol is a good choice for you will depend on several things.

“If a person has risk factors for developing alcoholism -- family members with alcoholism, difficult early life experiences, other addictive disorders - - the risk to benefit ratio of drinking alcohol for that person would be very, very high.”

Excessive alcohol use has been linked to chronic conditions like cirrhosis of the liver, pancreas disease and cardiovascular disease. It has also been linked to many forms of cancer, including cancer of the mouth, throat, larynx, esophagus, breast, colon and rectum.

The World Health Organization says the harmful use of alcohol results in two million five hundred thousand deaths each year. This number includes more than three hundred thousand people between the ages of fifteen and twenty-nine. The WHO says alcohol use is the world’s third leading cause of disease, after childhood malnourishment and unsafe sex.

One recent study involving alcohol could lead to more effective methods for treating alcohol abuse.

Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, believe they may have found why so many people are dependent on alcohol. Researchers at the university’s Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center were able to prove scientifically what many have long believed: drinking alcohol increases the release of endorphins in the brain.

Endorphins are small chemical proteins. They produce feelings of pleasure and reward. The researchers say this may explain why alcohol can become so addictive. The researchers used imaging technology to study the immediate effects of alcohol in the brains of twenty-five people.

The researchers say the study suggests that the brains of heavy drinkers change in a way to make alcohol more pleasing. They say this could explain how problem drinking becomes a problem in the first place. And, they say discovering the exact areas of the brain where endorphins are released could lead to the development of more effective drugs to help treat alcohol addiction.

相關(guān)閱讀

A story for Halloween: 'Innocence Burned'

Growing girls who code

Minnesota state fair holds big sing along

Words and their stories: military expressions

(來(lái)源:VOA 編輯:Julie)

 
中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津版權(quán)說(shuō)明:凡注明來(lái)源為“中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津:XXX(署名)”的原創(chuàng)作品,除與中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)簽署英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津內(nèi)容授權(quán)協(xié)議的網(wǎng)站外,其他任何網(wǎng)站或單位未經(jīng)允許不得非法盜鏈、轉(zhuǎn)載和使用,違者必究。如需使用,請(qǐng)與010-84883561聯(lián)系;凡本網(wǎng)注明“來(lái)源:XXX(非英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津)”的作品,均轉(zhuǎn)載自其它媒體,目的在于傳播更多信息,其他媒體如需轉(zhuǎn)載,請(qǐng)與稿件來(lái)源方聯(lián)系,如產(chǎn)生任何問(wèn)題與本網(wǎng)無(wú)關(guān);本網(wǎng)所發(fā)布的歌曲、電影片段,版權(quán)歸原作者所有,僅供學(xué)習(xí)與研究,如果侵權(quán),請(qǐng)?zhí)峁┌鏅?quán)證明,以便盡快刪除。

中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)雙語(yǔ)新聞

掃描左側(cè)二維碼

添加Chinadaily_Mobile
你想看的我們這兒都有!

中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)雙語(yǔ)手機(jī)報(bào)

點(diǎn)擊左側(cè)圖標(biāo)查看訂閱方式

中國(guó)首份雙語(yǔ)手機(jī)報(bào)
學(xué)英語(yǔ)看資訊一個(gè)都不能少!

關(guān)注和訂閱

本文相關(guān)閱讀
人氣排行
搜熱詞
 
 
精華欄目
 

閱讀

詞匯

視聽

翻譯

口語(yǔ)

合作

 

關(guān)于我們 | 聯(lián)系方式 | 招聘信息

Copyright by chinadaily.com.cn. All rights reserved. None of this material may be used for any commercial or public use. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. 版權(quán)聲明:本網(wǎng)站所刊登的中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津內(nèi)容,版權(quán)屬中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)所有,未經(jīng)協(xié)議授權(quán),禁止下載使用。 歡迎愿意與本網(wǎng)站合作的單位或個(gè)人與我們聯(lián)系。

電話:8610-84883645

傳真:8610-84883500

Email: languagetips@chinadaily.com.cn

波多野结衣办公室双飞_制服 丝袜 综合 日韩 欧美_网站永久看片免费_欧美一级片在线免费观看_免费视频91蜜桃_精产国品一区二区三区_97超碰免费在线观看_欧美做受喷浆在线观看_国产熟妇搡bbbb搡bbbb_麻豆精品国产传媒
日韩午夜在线观看| 国产一区啦啦啦在线观看| 91一区二区在线| 日韩成人毛片视频| 国产精品理伦片| 国产成人综合在线观看| 91香蕉视频网| 国产精品毛片a∨一区二区三区| 国产精品一区一区| 五月天色婷婷丁香| 中文字幕亚洲一区二区av在线| 成人看片黄a免费看在线| 国产性xxxx| 亚洲乱码中文字幕| gogo亚洲国模私拍人体| 欧美久久高跟鞋激| 日本视频一区二区| 舐め犯し波多野结衣在线观看| 久久久噜噜噜久久中文字幕色伊伊 | 亚洲一级片在线观看| 2025中文字幕| 欧美一区二区三区在线观看 | 成人免费观看av| 色94色欧美sute亚洲线路一久| 亚洲免费毛片网站| 蜜臀av粉嫩av懂色av| 精品日韩一区二区三区免费视频| 精品亚洲aⅴ乱码一区二区三区| 欧美乱大交做爰xxxⅹ小说| 国产精品黄色在线观看 | 国产精品三级视频| 成年人免费观看视频网站 | 天天色综合成人网| 性欧美丰满熟妇xxxx性久久久| 日韩欧美国产综合在线一区二区三区| 久久99精品国产.久久久久久| 潮喷失禁大喷水aⅴ无码| 最新成人av在线| 国产51自产区| 2014亚洲片线观看视频免费| 成人一二三区视频| 欧美精品一级二级| 国产在线视频精品一区| 色国产综合视频| 日韩和欧美一区二区| 成人午夜免费影院| 亚洲综合小说图片| xxxx日本黄色| 亚洲男女一区二区三区| 少妇光屁股影院| 制服丝袜第二页| 久久久一区二区三区捆绑**| 99re这里只有精品视频首页| 日韩欧美的一区二区| 东方aⅴ免费观看久久av| 777午夜精品免费视频| 国产成人综合网站| 制服丝袜在线91| 顶级嫩模精品视频在线看| 欧美自拍偷拍午夜视频| 亚洲午夜视频在线| 日韩精品电影一区二区三区| 亚洲欧洲中文日韩久久av乱码| 国产夫妻性爱视频| 中文字幕一区二区三中文字幕| 日批在线观看视频| 最近中文字幕一区二区三区| 性久久久久久久久久| 亚洲视频香蕉人妖| 亚洲国产av一区| 一区二区三区鲁丝不卡| 一本在线免费视频| 天天色天天爱天天射综合| 日本一二三区在线观看| 日本欧美一区二区| 在线看日本不卡| 国产精品一品视频| 日韩一区二区三区在线| 99久久婷婷国产综合精品电影| 欧美精品一区二区精品网| 香蕉网在线视频| 中文字幕av在线一区二区三区| 少妇户外露出[11p]| 亚洲美腿欧美偷拍| 国产福利在线导航| 麻豆成人免费电影| 欧美久久久久中文字幕| av综合在线播放| 国产婷婷精品av在线| 黄色a一级视频| 亚洲一区二区精品久久av| 中国毛片直接看| 国内精品第一页| 日韩欧美久久一区| 成人免费看片载| 亚洲蜜臀av乱码久久精品蜜桃| 潮喷失禁大喷水aⅴ无码| 日本伊人色综合网| 欧美日韩一区高清| 99re成人在线| 亚洲欧洲精品一区二区精品久久久 | 国产女主播在线播放| 1024国产精品| 熟女av一区二区| 国产麻豆一精品一av一免费| 欧美v国产在线一区二区三区| 日本美女视频网站| 亚洲与欧洲av电影| 欧美午夜精品久久久久久孕妇| 波多野结衣中文字幕一区二区三区| 欧美激情一区二区三区不卡| 大吊一区二区三区| 国产一区在线观看视频| 精品三级在线看| 男生草女生视频| 久久精品国产99久久6| 日韩精品专区在线| 三级网站在线免费观看| 乱一区二区av| 久久久午夜精品| 99精品中文字幕| 国产福利精品一区| 国产精品情趣视频| 在线免费观看亚洲视频| 成人毛片在线观看| 亚洲蜜桃精久久久久久久| 在线观看免费一区| 亚洲精品无码久久久久久久| 亚洲综合免费观看高清在线观看| 欧美性生活大片视频| 国产a级片视频| 丝袜美腿成人在线| 日韩免费性生活视频播放| 少妇久久久久久久久久| 国产乱码字幕精品高清av | 亚洲mv大片欧洲mv大片精品| 欧美老肥妇做.爰bbww| 亚洲一级av无码毛片精品| 日本不卡1234视频| 久久毛片高清国产| 日本午夜在线观看| 91亚洲精品久久久蜜桃| 亚洲chinese男男1069| 欧美一区二区三区在线观看| 9.1成人看片免费版| 国内欧美视频一区二区| 中文字幕在线不卡视频| 欧美三级中文字幕| 色噜噜在线观看| 国产一区二区三区在线观看免费视频| 国产精品区一区二区三区| 在线精品视频免费播放| 永久免费未满蜜桃| 精品一二线国产| 亚洲视频在线观看一区| 欧美人与性动xxxx| 国产三级av在线播放| 成人免费视频app| 亚洲高清一区二区三区| 欧美白人最猛性xxxxx69交| 亚洲天堂网av在线| 欧美老女人bb| 久久精品久久综合| 一区在线观看免费| 91精品在线免费| 国产jizz18女人高潮| 伊人影院在线观看视频| 麻豆国产一区二区| ...中文天堂在线一区| 91精品国产欧美日韩| 亚洲精品天堂网| 国产女主播在线播放| 国产一区在线观看视频| 亚洲一区在线观看视频| 久久久久久麻豆| 欧美熟乱第一页| 欧美人与禽zoz0善交| 在线观看欧美一区二区| 久久99久久99| 亚洲精品老司机| 精品av久久707| 欧美亚洲另类激情小说| 欧美性受xxxx黑人| 国产chinesehd精品露脸| 韩国欧美国产一区| 亚洲一线二线三线久久久| 久久久www成人免费无遮挡大片| 欧美日韩一区在线| 三级黄色在线观看| 成人性生活免费看| 成人av手机在线观看| 久久草av在线| 亚洲国产aⅴ天堂久久| 国产精品高潮呻吟| 精品国产乱码久久久久久图片 | 精品无人码麻豆乱码1区2区| 一区二区三区91| 欧美激情一区三区| 欧美成人艳星乳罩| 欧美人狂配大交3d怪物一区|