急匆匆地跑去隔壁房間，卻忘了自己是來拿什么的；點(diǎn)開瀏覽器，光標(biāo)定在搜索框里，突然不記得自己要查什么；看不清東西時(shí)想找自己的眼鏡，卻不記得什么時(shí)候把它摘掉了，也想不起來丟在了哪個(gè)角落；明明是昨天剛剛認(rèn)識(shí)的人，卻死活想不起對(duì)方的名字……你遇到過這些情況嗎？

By Melanie Pinola

木沐 選 張健 注

Remembering things, like names, dates, and other fine details is a skill—one that you can sharpen and hone. Here are eight memory boosting techniques everyone can learn.

1. Visualize what you want to grab from a room before you go to get it.

There’s something about walking into another room or passing through a doorway that resets our short-term memory and makes us forget what we went there for. If you visualize your purpose before you leave the current room, you’ll increase your chances of remembering what you want. It also applies to the digital world: before you open up a new browser tab and forget why you opened it, picture your purpose. As a former can’t-find-my-glasses person, I’ve been using a similar technique successfully: When putting my glasses down, I now focus sharply on what the tabletop looks like and the things on it so I’ll remember where I put it. Often we have to be proactive when it comes to remembering things.

2. Learn the chunking technique.

We can only store a limited number of things in our short-term memory—about four to seven different items, according to most estimates. The chunking technique can help us get past this limitation: group several items into a larger whole. This is one of the techniques I learned when training for the USA Memory Championship to try to remember ridiculously long sequences of numbers and pages of poems in a few minutes.

3. Leverage the power of music.

We forget names and numbers so easily, but lyrics to our favorite songs or nursery rhymes from childhood? They tend to stick. Music helps us memorize things through alliteration and rhythm. If you want to learn a foreign language, try training with music videos with subtitles or even Karaoke. Lyrics Training offers video resources but there’s also, of course, YouTube. Singing in general can help boost your brain.

4. Create mnemonic pegs to remember long lists.

Even without the music background, you can use rhyme and rhythm to remember things like shopping lists or lists of all the US capitals. You peg items to things that rhyme. E.g., 1 is a gun (visualize the first item being fired from a gun), 2 is a shoe, visualize the second item inside a shoe, and so on.

5. Use the “Memory Palace” technique.

This is another technique used by memory champs: build a memory palace where you visualize the things you want to remember and associate them with a place you remember vividly. If your home is your mental palace, for example, you can remember the order of your grocery list by picturing a giant jug of milk greeting you at the front door, slices of bread lining your hallway, and so on as you walk through it.

6. Remember people’s names by forcing yourself to interact with them differently.

Of all the annoying times our memory fails us, forgetting someone’s name might be the worst. It’s just that our basic working memory isn’t that great. However, if we try to make connections between the abstract name and the person, we’ll be more likely to remember the name. It takes a little work: try asking a person you just met a question to give you time to repeat his or her name in your head, introduce the person to someone else (forces you to repeat their name), make better eye contact, repeat the person’s name at the end of the conversation, and create a visual hook for their name using their face.

7. Take care of your health and learn new skills.

Unfortunately, our memory deteriorates as we get older. Taking care of our basic health, though, can go a long way towards optimizing our health. That means reducing the stress in your life, exercising and staying fit, and keeping your brain healthy too by learning new skills.

8. Pay attention and practice.

Better memory comes down to three things: motivation, observation, and mechanics. MOM. Most of us forget people’s names because we aren’t really paying attention or, perhaps, don’t care. For the mechanics part, find a trick that works for you (like one of the above) and keep using it. As for practice: A couple of minutes at night reviewing the details and names from the day can strengthen your memory. Take notes as you read. Start relying on your own memory rather than technology.

Vocabulary

1. boost: 增強(qiáng)，提高。

2. hone: 磨練，錘煉。

3. visualize: 使形象化，設(shè)想；grab: 拿，取。

4. reset: 重新設(shè)置；short-term memory: 短期記憶。

5. browser tab: 瀏覽器選項(xiàng)卡。

6. tabletop: 桌面，臺(tái)面。

7. proactive: 先發(fā)制人的，主動(dòng)的。

8. chunking: 分塊，組塊。

9. “組塊記憶法”能幫我們突破這一極限：將多個(gè)記憶對(duì)象組合為一個(gè)更大的“記憶塊”。

10. championship: 錦標(biāo)賽；ridiculously: 荒謬地；sequence: 順序，次序。

11. leverage: 運(yùn)用。

12. lyric: 歌詞，通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式；nursery rhyme: 兒歌，童謠。

13. alliteration: 頭韻，頭韻法；rhythm: 節(jié)奏，韻律。

14. subtitles: 字幕。

15. mnemonic peg: 這里指“助記代號(hào)”，mnemonic 意為“幫助記憶的”，peg意為“釘，栓”。

16. 這是記憶冠軍采用的另一種記憶法：在腦海中構(gòu)造一座記憶宮殿，將記憶對(duì)象與你印象深刻的地方聯(lián)系起來。champ: 即champion，冠軍；vividly: 生動(dòng)地，清晰地。

17. grocery: 食品雜貨；jug: 罐，壺；hallway: 門廳。

18. hook: 吊鉤，掛鉤，此處指“關(guān)聯(lián)，聯(lián)系”。

19. deteriorate: 衰退，惡化。

20. optimize: 使最優(yōu)化，使盡可能完善。

21. come down to: 歸結(jié)為；mechanics: 方法，技巧。

22. trick: 竅門，訣竅。

（來源：英語學(xué)習(xí)雜志 編輯：丹妮）