蜜臀av粉嫩av懂色av,亚洲精品理论片,久久久无码人妻精品一区

<fieldset id="ouoys"></fieldset>

<ul id="ouoys"></ul><del id="ouoys"></del>

<ul id="ouoys"></ul>

Nobel Prize in economics recognizes 'market designers'

[ 2012-10-22 10:23]

來源：VOA

字號

[大]

[中]

[小]

免費訂閱30天China Daily雙語新聞手機報：移動用戶編輯短信CD至106580009009

Get Flash Player

Download

From VOA Learning English, this is the Economics Report in Special English.

This year, the Nobel Prize for economics recognizes two Americans for their work. Staffan Normark, Permanent Secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, made the announcement Monday.

“The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2012 to Professor Alvin Roth at Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA…And to Professor Lloyd S. Shapley at University of California Los Angeles.”

Staffan Normark added the reason the two men won the prize.

“For the theory of stable allocation and the practice of market design.”

The Nobel Prize in economics is often awarded for discoveries in how markets work or how market actors behave. But Alvin Roth and Lloyd Shapley thought of ways to design markets.

Per Krusell of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences explained it this way.

“This year’s prize in economic sciences is about economic engineering. It’s about how to practically design certain markets so that they work well.”

Lloyd Shapley worked with David Gale on a research project in the 1960s. It dealt with how to match up ten men and ten women in strong, successful marriages.

The two researchers developed an algorithm or mathematical formula. It provided a model suggesting a way that all those couples could be matched best.

The algorithm did not do very much to solve anyone’s marriage issues. But it did suggest ways to understand some kinds of markets better.

David Gale died a few years ago. Alvin Roth built on the work, although he and Lloyd Shapley did not work together. Mr. Roth recognized the value of the Gale-Shapley findings. And he applied it to real-life markets.

These included markets where the normal supply and demand relationship does not work, and where payment is not used. These markets require matching market actors such as organ donors and recipients, or students with public schools. Mr. Roth’s work was also used to match new doctors with hospitals.

The Royal Swedish Academy called the work of Mr. Roth and Mr. Shapley an outstanding example of economic engineering.

Alvin Roth said market design is a new field and the prize may draw more attention to it.

"You know, my colleagues and I work in an area that we're calling 'market design', which is sort of a newish area of economics and I'm sure that when I get to class this morning my students will pay more attention."

Alvin Roth and Lloyd Shapley will share the prize, which is worth over one million dollars.

And that’s the Economics Report in Special English. I’m Mario Ritter.

Was Jesus married?

Words and their stories: Fall guy

Clowning around; making magic; hair care for less

（來源：VOA 編輯：Julie）

中國日報網英語點津版權說明：凡注明來源為“中國日報網英語點津：XXX（署名）”的原創作品，除與中國日報網簽署英語點津內容授權協議的網站外，其他任何網站或單位未經允許不得非法盜鏈、轉載和使用，違者必究。如需使用，請與010-84883631聯系；凡本網注明“來源：XXX（非英語點津）”的作品，均轉載自其它媒體，目的在于傳播更多信息，其他媒體如需轉載，請與稿件來源方聯系，如產生任何問題與本網無關；本網所發布的歌曲、電影片段，版權歸原作者所有，僅供學習與研究，如果侵權，請提供版權證明，以便盡快刪除。