國際勞工組織近日發(fā)布報告說，受國際經(jīng)濟危機影響，亞洲今年失業(yè)人口預計比去年增加720萬，達9700萬，失業(yè)率由4.8％上升至5.1％。報告說，按照最悲觀地預測來看，亞洲失業(yè)人口甚至可能比去年增加2230萬，達到1.13億。要消化新增失業(yè)人口，亞洲各國需要在今明兩年創(chuàng)造大約5100萬個工作崗位。 該報告指出，窮人面臨雙重危機 —— 一方面，他們要為高價日用品花去大部分收入，另一方面，他們的生計又受到經(jīng)濟停滯威脅。國際勞工組織呼吁亞洲各國在擬定經(jīng)濟刺激計劃時，重點關注保護就業(yè)和維持家庭購買力，因為這些因素會促進內需，進而迅速推動經(jīng)濟。
 |
|
Asia is likely to have 7.2 million more jobless people in 2009 than last year due to fallout from the global economic crisis, raising the region's jobless rate to 5.1 percent, the International Labor Organization said Wednesday.
|
Asia is likely to have 7.2 million more jobless people in 2009 than last year due to fallout from the global economic crisis, raising the region's jobless rate to 5.1 percent, the International Labor Organization said Wednesday.
It forecast the ranks of unemployed workers would likely balloon to 97 million in 2009 in Asia, the world economy's star performer in recent years but where a third of the population still live on a little over $1 a day. Last year, the unemployment rate was 4.8 percent.
In the most pessimistic scenario, the number of unemployed could swell to 113 million, or 22.3 million more than last year, the ILO said in a report on the crisis' fallout in Asia.
An estimated 51 million new jobs will be needed this year and next to absorb Asia's growing labor force, with most jobs needed in the region's giant economies - 20.3 million in India, 10.9 million in China and 3.6 million in Indonesia.
Countries with the highest rates of expected labor force growth through 2010 include Pakistan at 6.1 percent, Cambodia at 4.9 percent, and the Philippines at 4.9 percent.
"There is very little chance that a sufficient number of new jobs will be created in the region this year to keep up with expected labor force growth," the report added.
As fewer jobs are created at home, remittances from the region's army of migrant workers began to slow in the third quarter of 2008.
The Geneva-based ILO said the World Bank now forecasts an overall drop in remittances in 2009 - partly due to the deep recession in the US, which accounts for 44 percent of workers' money sent to East Asia and the Pacific, and 28 percent to South Asia.
"As global demand for workers contracts, the flow of migrant workers from developing Asia will moderate in 2009," the report said. "For labor-sending countries, this will exacerbate the challenge of mitigating job losses and generating new employment domestically."
Remittances comprise a third of gross domestic product in Tonga, 17 percent in Nepal, 11 percent in the Philippines, 9.7 percent in Bangladesh and 8.3 percent in Sri Lanka.
Declining production will also see a shift to informal, more vulnerable work that does not provide protection in case of job loss or illness, the report added.
It said the number of vulnerable Asian workers, estimated at 1.08 billion in 2008, could rise this year by 21 million, and in an extreme case, by 61 million.
"The poor face a double crisis- high costs for basic necessities on which they spend the majority of their income, along with economic stagnation that threaten their livelihoods," the ILO said.
Promoting employment and supporting household purchasing power is critical for any stimulus package, as these will drive domestic consumption needed to quickly bolster growth, it added.
(Agencies)
（英語點津 Helen 編輯）
