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 The fashion for having children later in life could lead to women becoming more fertile in their 40s and beyond, scientists have suggested. |
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The fashion for having children later in life could lead to women becoming more fertile in their 40s and beyond, scientists have suggested. As many women wait until they are older to give birth, only those with longer lasting fertility genes will be successful. That means the average length of fertility will grow as their genes will be passed on to their children. The study from the University of Sheffield shows that previously women would marry early and if widowed were too old to remarry thus favouring early childbirth in women. But today's reluctance to settle down and reproduce until later in life could lead to fertility beginning to favour older women. The researchers studied marriage patterns to trace the survival and marriage histories of 1,591 women. Using 18th and 19th century Finnish records – a time when almost everyone got married and divorce was strictly forbidden. They found that women aged 30 to 35 were the most likely to be married. Those that wed wealthy husbands were married at a younger age but to relatively older men, meaning family sizes were bigger but with an increased risk of widowhood. The researchers say that this high chance of widowhood, coupled with low remarriage prospects for older widows with children, limited the percentage of women in the population with the opportunity to reproduce at older ages. Duncan Gillespie, from the university's Department of Animal and Plant Sciences said that in today's society however, women do not start childbearing until an older age as marriage is often delayed. He said: "As a result of this, the natural selection maintaining young-age fertility might weaken and the relative strength of natural selection on old-age fertility could increase, something that could potentially lead to improvements in old-age fertility over many generations.” (Read by Nelly Min. Nelly Min is a journalist at the China Daily Web site.) (Agencies) |
科學(xué)家指出，現(xiàn)在的晚育趨勢(shì)將讓未來(lái)女性40歲以后的生育能力增強(qiáng)。 許多女性會(huì)等到年齡很大時(shí)才生育，而只有那些帶有更持久的繁殖基因的女性才會(huì)成功晚育。 這意味著生育能力持續(xù)的平均時(shí)間會(huì)隨著她們的基因遺傳給下一代而變長(zhǎng)。 謝菲爾德大學(xué)的研究顯示，以往女性會(huì)早早結(jié)婚，如果丈夫死了，她們也會(huì)因?yàn)槟昙o(jì)太大而無(wú)法再嫁，因此以前的女性會(huì)更多地早育。 不過(guò)現(xiàn)在的女性都不愿意早早安定下來(lái)，想晚一點(diǎn)再生育，這會(huì)使年紀(jì)較大的女性的生育能力也開始增強(qiáng)。 研究者追蹤調(diào)查了1591位女性的生命史和婚史，研究了她們的婚姻模式。 研究數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)自19世紀(jì)和20世紀(jì)期間芬蘭人的記錄，在這個(gè)年代幾乎所有人都結(jié)婚，離婚是被嚴(yán)格禁止的。 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)年齡在30歲到35歲之間的女性最有可能結(jié)婚。那些嫁給有錢人的女性結(jié)婚時(shí)間更早，不過(guò)丈夫的年紀(jì)相對(duì)較大，這意味著家庭人數(shù)更多，但是成為寡婦的幾率也增加了。 研究者說(shuō)女性成為寡婦的高幾率，加上帶著孩子的高齡寡婦再婚可能性很低，這使高齡產(chǎn)婦在人口中所占的比例受到限制。 來(lái)自謝菲爾德大學(xué)的動(dòng)植物科學(xué)系的鄧肯?吉萊斯皮說(shuō)，然而，在今天的社會(huì)，因?yàn)榻Y(jié)婚時(shí)間通常被推遲，所以女性到年紀(jì)較大時(shí)才生育。 他說(shuō)：“因此，年輕生育的自然選擇規(guī)律會(huì)減弱，而高齡生育的自然選擇規(guī)律則會(huì)相對(duì)增強(qiáng)，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致未來(lái)很多代人的高齡生育能力增強(qiáng)。” 相關(guān)閱讀 英國(guó)調(diào)查：高學(xué)歷女性大多晚育 （中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 陳丹妮） |
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