MOGADISHU, Somalia - Somalia called on Saturday for the establishment of a new force to protect food aid convoys and camps in this country racked by famine and declared a state of emergency in parts of Mogadishu.

By this past weekend, Islamist rebels had mostly retreated from the capital. Yet, despite the defeat on the battlefield, the threat of suicide bombings and other guerrilla-style attacks remained present.

The government and a 9,000-strong African peacekeeping force has admitted that they did not control all of the capital even after the rebel withdrawal. That has endangered the thousands of Somali refugees who are streaming into Mogadishu in search of food.

The pullout by the al-Qaida-affiliated al Shabaab insurgents has raised the hope that humanitarian groups will be able to deliver more aid after years of being obstructed by the militants.

Somali Prime Minister Abdiweli Mohamed Ali held a joint news conference with Valerie Amos, United Nations emergency relief coordinator.

"We met today with Valerie Amos ... We have discussed the current humanitarian situation in Somalia and the best way that we can assist with humanitarian aid to the people," Ali said.

"We have also raised the issue of creating a special humanitarian force, which has dual purposes. First to secure and protect the food-aid convoy, and to protect the camps and stabilize the city and fight banditry and looting."

Ali did not say who would make up the force.

This month, government troops fired shots and fought among themselves as some of them looted food meant for famine victims. The food came from the World Food Programme at the Badbaado camp near the city.

Following the meeting between Ali and Amos, Somali President Sheikh Sharif Ahmed issued a decree declaring a state of emergency in areas abandoned by the rebels in Mogadishu.

It bans clan militias from the areas and gives the military court jurisdiction to deal with crimes committed there.

Amos called for improved security for food convoys, and said she was shocked at the conditions she had seen while touring a hospital and meeting Somalis who had walked long distances to find food.

"The prime minister and I discussed the importance of security to ensure that humanitarian operations can continue ... I am confident that with an improvement of security we will be able to do more to help those people who are desperately in need," she said.

"I was shocked to see some of the children at the hospital that I visited, and I can't imagine what it feels like to be a parent of these children suffering that level of malnutrition."

A cholera epidemic is spreading in the country, especially among people driven to the capital by a lack of food and water.

About 3.6 million people in Somalia are at a risk of starving. Some 12.4 million people in the Horn of Africa - including Somalia, Kenya, Ethiopia and Djibouti - are affected by the worst drought seen in those places in decades, according to the United Nations. Tens of thousands have already died.

Lieutenant Colonel Paddy Ankunda, spokesman for the African Union Mission in Somalia's peacekeeping force, which backs Ahmed's beleaguered government, said that Uganda would soon send 2,000 more soldiers.

Ankunda said the African Union Mission has been waiting for the deployment of 3,000 more troops that have been promised since June. Uganda has said it will send more if other nations pay for them. The United Nations has authorized the use of 12,000 troops for now.

"The Ugandan president made the pledge and 2,000 Ugandan troops will come as soon as logistics allow," Ankunda said.

"This is part of the long awaited deployment of 3,000 troops. I do not know any other country that is sending troops at the moment so far." Somali police and the African Union troops said they had discovered 137 artillery shells in a disused house in the capital and destroyed them.

"The extremists were storing up large stocks of munitions in order to make improvised bombs to launch a campaign of terror in Mogadishu," Ankunda said in a statement. "Large areas of the city have to be cleared of these types of weapons stores and secured in the longer term so that the city can return to some semblance of normality. And to do this we need more troops."

Reuters